生物填充題

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生物填充題

Living characteristic

Human digestive system

Support in flowering plants

Characteristics of living things

1. The process of getting food for energy and for maintaining life in different organisms is known as

2. The process of increasing in size and complexity in organsims is known as

3. The process of getting rid of the metabolic wastes produced from the reactions inside the bodies of different organism is known as

4. The process of changing position of whole body of organisms or any parts of the body is known as

5. The process of reacting to changes called stimuli in their environment is known as

6. The process of breaking down food to supply energy for body activities is known as

7. The process of producing offspring is known as

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Classification

1. Animals are divided into two main groups, vertebrates and

2. The group of plant which has seeds but does not have any flowers is known as

3. Vertebrates can be classified into birds, fish, mammals, reptiles and

4. The body of bird is covered by

5. The forelimbs of birds are modified into

6. Fish can breathe in water by means of

7. The structure which is possessed by mammals, and can produce milk is

8. The tissue which is responsible for the transport of water and organic food in flowering plants is

9. A diagram which is used to identify organisms is called

10. The group of plant which does not possess chlorophyll is

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Cell structure

1. The organelle which is round in structure, and carries genetic materials in a cell is

2. The structure which is present in all plant cells but absent in animal cells is

3. The organelle which contains green pigment for photosynthesis is

4. The property of this cellular structure is selective permeable. This structure is

5. Another name for this organelle is power house. This structure is

6. In plant cells, vacuoles contain a solution of dissolved substances. The name of this solution is called

7. Some cells possess this structure to increase the surface area of their cell membrane in order to absorb substances faster. This structure is finger-like and is called

8. These cellular structures can beat and create a current to move substances outside the cell or help the cells to move. They are

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Enzyme

1. Usually, enzyme is a kind of chemical which is

2. On the surface of the enzyme molecule, there is a site where the substrate can fit into it. The place is called

3. Enzyme works best at a temperature. This temperature is called

4. Enzyme works with only one type of substrate. This property is known as

5. This enzyme can digest starch into maltose. The name of this group of enzyme is known as

6. Enzyme can be classified into two groups according to the site of action. Enzymes which work outside cell is called

7. Enzyme can speed up reactions in cells. Because of this speeding up action, people often call enzymes as biological

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Cell transport

1. The net movement of particles or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is known as

2. The difference between the concentration of a substance in one region and in another region is known as

3. When a membrane which allows some substances to pass through but does not allows others, this membrane property is known as

4. The diffusion of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a selectively permeable membrane is known as

5. When the water potential of a solution is higher than that in a cell, this solution is said to be

6. When there is a net movement of water into a plant cell until it cannot further enter, the cell is in a state of fully

7. When there is a net movement of water out of a plant cell, the cell membrane detaches from the cell wall. This phenomenon is known as

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Cell division

1. The nuclear division which produces two daughter cells is

2. In the resting stage of a cell, the chromosomes are not visible. They exist in a form of long threads called

3. When a chromosome duplicates, it exists in a form of two structures joined together by a centromere. These two structures are called

4. In each body cell, each chromosome exists in pair. This pair of chromosome is called

5. After mitosis, the two daughter cells are formed by the division of cytoplasm. This process is called

6. The significance of mitosis is for cell divsion, growth, replacement of dead cells and __________ of tissue.

7. Another type of nuclear division which produces gametes is called

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Photosynthesis

1. Green plants carry out photosynthesis to manufacture organic food by combining carbon dioxide and water in the presence of ______________ energy.

2. Photosynthesis is a kind of ______________ nutrition.

3. Green plants can carry out photosynthesis because they possess the pigment _______________ which can absorb light energy.

4. There are two types of mesophyll in a leaf, spongy mesophyll and _______________ mesophyll.

5. Gaseous exchange take place in the mesophyll cells. Gases pass into the leaves through the holes called

6. The cells surrounding the stoma in the leaves are called

7. The experiment testing the conditions for photosynthesis usually requires a procedure which removes the starch in a leaf beforehand. This procedure is called

8. The experiment testing the presence of starch in a leaf involves a step, boiling the leaf in a chemical which remove the chlorophyll in the leaf. This chemical used is usually

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Tooth

1. There are four types of teeth in adult men: incisors, premolars, molars and

2. Inside a tooth, the outermost layer is the hardest layer called

3. Inside the pulp cavity, the most prominent structures are nervous tissue for sensation and _______________ which can supply nutrients to the tooth.

4. In herbivores, theres are no canines but a _______________ which is a gap at the position of the missing canines. It can hold plant materials for the molars to grind on.

5. In carnivores, some premolars and molars form a special type of teeth called _______________ which work like a pair of scissors to cut bone and flesh.

6. The type, number and arrangement of teeth of an animal is called

7. Humans have two sets of teeth, milk teeth and _______________ teeth

8. Tooth decay is caused by the actions of bacteria in ______________ on the teeth surface containing dissolved food and bacteria. The action changes food into acid.

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Digestive system

1. The process of movement of food along the alimentary canal is known as

2. The process of breaking down the food into simple, soluble and smaller molecules is known as

3. When swallowing occurs, the tongue moves back, and the entrance of larynx is closed. This cartilageous structure which covers the entrance of larynx is

4. In the stomach, there is a digestive juice which contains protease and hydrochloric acid. The name of the juice is

5. Liver can produce bile which can break down fat molecules into smaller fat droplets. This physical digestion is called

6. Small intestines process finger-like structures which helps the absorption of food. These are

7. Inside the villus, the structure which absorbs the fat is

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Liver

1. In man, liver can change excess glucose into another kind of carbohydrates which are stored in it. What is it?

2. When there is an excess of amino acid, liver can break it down to form urea. This breakdown process is usually termed as

3. ______________ is a greenish liquid secreted by the liver for digestion

4. In liver, the old red blood cells are destroyed and the haemoglobin is broken down to form a excretory product. This product will colourize the faeces. It is called

5. There are three vessels joining the liver. The blood vessel which drains blood from small intestine to it is called

6. Liver is connected with a structure which can store the bile produced. This structure is

7. One of the functions of liver is to break down some toxic chemicals in the blood. This function is termed as

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Respiration

1. The chemical which store the chemical energy in a usable form ready for use in cell is

2. Respiration without oxygen is known as

3. In aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down to release carbond dioxide, __________ and energy.

4. Limewater can test for the presence of _______________ gas. It turns milky if the gas is present.

5. In the anaerobic respiration in muscle cells, ___________, a waste product is formed which may cause muscle fatigue.

6. In the anaerobic respiration in yeast cells, ____________ and carbon dioxide are formed. The former substance is usually used in brewing wines.

7. After doing vigorous exercise, we breathe very fast to repay the _________________ due to anaerobic respiration.

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Food

1. A diet which contains all the food substances in the right amounts can be called as

2. Food substances have two roles in growth. Firstly, it provides building materials for growing process. Secondly, it supplies ____________ for the process.

3. In general, the type of disease which can be caused by eating too little of some food substances is called

4. Starch is a kind of food substances. This food substances, together with glucose can be classified into

5. The deficiency disease of iron is

6. A food substance which can stimulate our gut to carry out peristalsis is commonly called

7. ________________ are protective food substances. They are organic substances needed in small amounts. They help to control many metabolic reactions.

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Leaf

1. Usually, a leaf has a waxy ______________ layer on the surface to reduce water loss.

2. The leaf has a leaf blade which is usually supported and connected to the stem by a ______________.

3. There are many __________ in a leaf which usually forms a network throughout the leaf lamina.

4. Usually, the surface of the leaf has a lot of ____________ for gaseous exchange.

5. Palisade and _____________ mesophyll cells are main sites for photosynthesis.

6. The _______________ space between mesophyll cells is for the facilitation of gaseous exchange.

7. Each stoma is surrounded by two __________ cells, which also have chlorophyll.

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Gaseous exchange

1. The respiratory surface for gaseous exchange in mammals is the

2. When air passes through the larynx, it must pass through ___________ before reaching bronchi.

3. The epithelium of the bronchi is lined with _________ which can move the trapped dust up to the throat.

4. When the ___________ muscles between the ribs contract, the volume of the lungs increases.

5. The muscular sheet, which separates the thorax and abdomen is called

6. ________________ is the total volume of the lung.

7. ______________ is the amount of air breathed in or out in each breath.

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Support in mammals

1. The skeleton of mammals is located inside the body. This kind of skeleton is called ______________.

2. There are two kinds of skeletal tissues, namely bone tissue and _______________ tissue.

3. The skeletal system consists of axial skeleton and _________________ skeleton.

4. When a bone is placed in dilute acid, it becomes soft. It is because the ___________ in the bone has been dissolved out.

5. The bone ____________ inside a bone can make red blood cells.

6. There are ________________ connecting a bone with another bone. This prevents dislocation of joint.

7. The ______________ is a bone in the backbone.

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Support in flowering plants

1. For young stems, the cortex can be responsible for support. The way is achieved by the ___________________ of the cells.

2. Xylem vessels are thickened and strengthened with __________________ making rigid hollow tubes.

3. Woody plants contains a lot of supporting tissue. The word "wood" refer to the _____________ tissue.

4. Those plants which are mainly supported by turgidity are called ______________.

5. In a hot weather, the stems of those plants which do not have enough water to support themselves will _____________.

6. In stems, xylem vessles are located in a ring form. This arrangement can resist the ______________ effect of wind.

7. When we apply a lot of fertilizer into the soil, the herbs also wilt. It is because water gets out from roots by ____________.

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Movement in mammal

1. The contractile tissue of mammals which can provides the driving force of movement is the

2. Another name for heart muscle is known as

3. If a muscle which can be controlled by our cerebrum and our mind, the muscle can be classified as ______________ muscle.

4. The end of muscle which is attached to the fixed bone is called

5. The tissue which is made of tough fibrous material and attaches muscle to bone is

6. If the pair of muscles work together in opposite direction, the muscles are called

7. The muscle can contract because of the presence of the muscle _____________ which are made of contractile proteins.

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Nerve

1. The electrical messages conducted along the nerve are called

2. The junction between a motor neurone and muscle fibre is called

3. There are three types of neurone, namely motor neurone, association neurone and

4. An impulse is transmitted from one neurone to the next at a structure called a

5. Nerve fibre is usually covered by a layer of fatty substance which is called

6. The nerve fibre which transmits nerve impulse away from the cell body is called

7. Central nervous system in mammals consists of brain and

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Transpiration

1. Transpiration in plants can take place through stomata, lenticels and

2. Transpiration is the removal of water in the form of water vapour by evaporation from the ___________ parts of plants.

3. This process can create a force to pull water up, this force is usually termed as

4. A continuous column of water extends from the xylem in leaves to the xylem in roots. This is due to the ___________ property of water.

5. The rate of transpiration increases in windy condition. The wind blows away the ________________ shells. This increases the diffusion gradient for water molecules.

6. The opening of stomata is controlled by a pair of cells called

7. Xerophytes have a lot of structural features which help them to adapt to the dry habitat. These features are called _______________ features.

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Heart

1. Heart can be divided into left and right halves by a muscle called

2. The blood in the left ventricle is pumped out by contraction. The blood reaches the blood vessel called _____________ when it leaves the heart.

3. The valve which separates the right atrium and the right ventricle is called

4. The specialized muscle in the left atrium which can initiate heart beat is called

5. There are two circulation in mammal: systemic circulation and ______________ circulation.

6. In systole, heart muscles contract. In ____________, heart muscles relax.

7. The blood vessel ____________ arteries supply nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscle cells.

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